Supervisors: Enas Fawzy Youssef, Mona Selim Faggal, Mona Mohamed Ibrahim.

Thesis (M.Sc.)-Cairo university, Faculty of Physical Therapy, 2021.

Includes bibliographical references.

Objective:
To determine the prevalence of calf muscle tightness in asymptomatic flat foot subjects.
Methods:
One hundred and seventy five asymptomatic flat foot subjects (male and female) their age ranging from 20-40 years participated in the study. Gastrocnemius and Soleus muscle tightness was assessed through measuring ankle dorsiflexion range of motion by using fluid-filled bubble inclinometer from two positions sitting straight knee for gastrocnemius muscle testing and prone bent knee for soleus muscle testing.
Results:
The prevalence of gastrocnemius tightness was 76.6% with 95% CI of 69.76-82.23%. The prevalence of soleus tightness was 15.42% with 95% CI of 10.82-21.51%. The prevalence of gastrocnemius and soleus tightness in female subjects was significantly higher compared with males (p < 0.01).
Conclusion:
Asymptomatic flat foot deformity is associated with gastrocnemius muscle tightness and a higher prevalence of gastrocnemius and soleus tightness was found in female subjects compared with males.